Hans Wehr

Hans Wehr Arabic English Dictionary by Blogger's Collections

Visual Learning ( English Translated Lesson 01 Madinah Book 1 )

A video with English translated lesson from the Madinah Arabic Book 1.

Sarf - additional letters

المجرد والمزيد من الأسماء

المجرد = The bare / naked
و  = And
المزيد  = The added / increased
من الأسماء  = From the nouns

The Arabic nouns consist of:

1) الاسم المجرد , the noun that made from its root letters only without any additional letter added.

Example:

•      قمر  from the root letters ق م ر
•       برقع  from the root letters ب ر ق ع

2) الاسم المزيد , the noun that is added with a single or more additional letters.

Example:

•   مكرم     from the root letters ك ر م  added with one ( م ) of the additional letters.
•   مقاتل     from the root letters ق ت ل added with two ( م ا ) of the additional letters.
•   مستغفر  from the root letters غ ف ر added with three ( م س ت ) of the additional letters.
•   استغفار from the root letter غ ف ر added with four ( ا س ت ا ) of the additional letters.

The additional letters ( حروف زائدة ) are from these ten letters:

1) الهاء  = ه
2) النون  = ن
3) الالف  = ا
4) الهمزة  = ء
5) الواو  = و
6) التاء  = ت
7) السين  = س
8) اللام  = ل
9) الياء  = ي
10) الميم  = م

Memorised by some in from of : هُنَاءَ وَتَسْلِيْم  or  سَأَلْتَمُوْنِيْهَا

Visual Learning ( Madinah Arabic Book 1 Lesson 01 )

This video is a good practice for repetition listening for students learning the Madinah Arabic book.

Visual Learning ( أنا وأخي = Me and my brother )

Reading aloud is a common practice and it is important for vocabulary development.

Reading, alternatively can be rather boring to a reader who doesn't really have the vocabulary to grasp the detail in the texts properly, and this is why people tend to find reading difficult.

However reading is essential as it is a way to increase the Arabic vocabulary.

اقرَأ بِاسمِ رَبِّكَ الَّذى خَلَقَ ﴿١﴾

اقرأ means Read! in the form of command, the first word revealed during descend of The Quraan as stated in verse 96 : 1

As emphasis on reading is important, here some key phrases that can be useful as a guide to this children story.

This is good reading practice for those who are beginning to read and learn Arabic.

Get free PDF here and watch the video here.

السلام عليكم               (greetings) The peace onto you
أنا                              I
صديقكم                     Your friend (your = male, plural)
وليد                           Waleed (name = proper noun)
عمري                        My age
خمس سنوات             Five years old
صباح الخير               Good morning
سعيد                         Saeed (name = proper noun)
ثلاث سنوات               Three years old
أستيقظ                     I wake up
كل يوم                      Everyday
في الساعة السابعة     At seven o'clock
صباحا                      In the morning
أرتب                         I arrange / organize
غرفة نومي                 My bedroom
أستحم                      I bath
أغسل                       I wash / clean
جسمي                      My body
بالماء                         With the water
الصابون                   The soap
أنظف                       I clean / polish
أسناني                    My teeth
بالفرشة                     With the toothbrush
المعجون                     The toothpaste
ألبس                         I wear / put on
ثيابي                        My clothes
أمشط                       I comb
شعري                       My hair
أتناول                       I eat / deal with
طعام الإفطار              Breakfast
في الصباح                In the morning
أشرب                       I drink
الحليب                       The milk
حقيبة المدرسة             School bag
أنتظر                        I wait for / expect
الحافلة                       The bus
التي                          Which
تأخذني                      It takes me
إلى المدرسة                To the school
أركب                         I get on board / ride
أذهب                          I go / depart
في التاسعة                  At nine (o'clock)
النوم                           The sleep
تصبحون على خير         Goodnight ( to you = plural )

Sarf (Morphology)

In biology, morphology is a branch of bioscience dealing with the study of the form and structure of organisms and their specific structural features.

In Arabic, morphology is the modification that deal with the word's characteristic and its structure to a statement.

There are four types of words that are not included in sarf:

1) Non-Arabic nouns  الأسماء الأعجمية
2) Indeclinable Arabic nouns  الأسماء العربية المبنية
3) Rigid / Aplastic verbs  الأفعال الجامدة
4) The particles  الحروف

Important Note!

All of the above 4 type of words has no root letters and there is no other words derived from the root letters.

Examples :-

1) Non-Arabic noun   تلفون  (telephone) - NO ROOT LETTERS & NO OTHER WORDS DERIVED
2) Indeclinable Arabic noun   الذي  (who / which) - NO ROOT LETTERS & NO OTHER WORDS DERIVED
3) Rigid / Aplastic verb   ليس  (not to be) - NO ROOT LETTERS & NO OTHER WORDS DERIVED
4) The particles   في  (in) - NO ROOT LETTERS & NO OTHER WORDS DERIVED


The only two groups of words used in sarf:

1) Declinable Arabic nouns  الأسماء العربية المعربية
2) Flexible verbs  الأفعال المتصرفة

Important Note!

All of the above 2 type of words have root letters and there are words derived from the root letters.

Examples :-

1) Declinable Arabic noun
    i )  كتاب  (a book) - DERIVED FROM THE ROOT LETTERS ك ت ب
    ii)  مكتبة  (library) - ANOTHER DERIVED WORD FROM THE ROOT LETTERS ك ت ب
2) Flexible verb
    i )  ساأل  (to interrogate) - DERIVED FROM THE ROOT LETTERS س أ ل
    ii)  مسؤول  (responsible) - ANOTHER DERIVED WORD FROM THE ROOT LETTERS س أ ل

Nahw and Sarf

Arabic is what linguists call a diglossic language which means that the language spoken in daily life differs from the written version and varies widely from country to country.

In modern everyday life in the Arab countries, Arabic dialects have replaced Standard Arabic for spoken communication, but they are all derived from Standard Arabic, so if you have a grounding in Modern Standard Arabic (MSA), it will be easier to learn the modern local dialects that are based on it.

MSA is also the lingua franca of the Arab world, and can be understood anywhere in conversation with educated speakers.

Where to start from?

There are a total of 12 parts in the sciences of Arabic. The 3 most important parts out of the 12 are:

1) Sarf ( morphology )

2) Nahw ( grammar )

3) Balaghah ( rethoric )

Generally Arabic teachers, language centres or guide books focus on Nahw and Sarf because without it as basics it is difficult to understand Balaghah.

Nahw and Sarf always come hand in hand.

The common guide books:

Madinah Arabic Course Books by Dr. V Abdur Rahim

Al Arabiyatu Bayna Yadayk

Al Kitab Al Asasi

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بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم